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Peptic Ulcer Disease- Mechanisms and Treatment – Lecturio Medical
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Peptic Ulcer Disease- Mechanisms and Treatment – Lecturio Medical

etiology and pathogenesis   ●Estimates of the annual incidence of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) range from 0.1 to 0.3 percent. PUD incidence in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-infected individuals is approximately 1 percent per year, a rate that is 6- to 10-fold higher than for uninfected subjects. The incidence of PUD increases with age for both duodenal and […]
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Autoimmune Hepatitis and Primary Biliary Cholangitis – Gina Choi, MD – UCLA Digestive Diseases
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Autoimmune Hepatitis and Primary Biliary Cholangitis

Epidemiology Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is rare, with a reported prevalence of 19 to 402 cases per million persons. The vast majority of patients (90 to 95 percent) are female, and most patients are diagnosed between the ages of 30 and 65 years (often in their 40s or 50s), though the disease has been reported […]
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Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis v Primary Biliary Cholangitis (Primary Biliary Cirrhosis)
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Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis v Primary Biliary Cholangitis (Primary Biliary Cirrhosis)

Clinical manifestations and diagnosis PSC ●Clinical features Patients with PSC may be asymptomatic and diagnosed as part of the evaluation of abnormal laboratory tests, or they may have symptoms such as fatigue and pruritus. Physical examination may reveal jaundice, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and excoriations, though it is often normal. Liver biochemical tests usually demonstrate a cholestatic […]
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Cholecystectomy – Gallbladder Removal Surgery
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Cholecystectomy – Gallbladder Removal Surgery

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy   ●Indications Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is considered the “gold standard” for the surgical treatment of gallstone disease. It has the same indications as for open cholecystectomy. The optimal timing of surgery will depend on the patient’s overall medical condition and underlying diagnosis. ●Preoperative evaluation •Liver function tests (LFTs) should be obtained preoperatively. Elevation in […]
Mediube
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Peptic Ulcer Disease Nursing, Pathophysiology, Treatment – Gastric Ulcer vs Duodenal Ulcer
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Peptic Ulcer Disease Nursing, Pathophysiology, Treatment – Gastric Ulcer vs Duodenal Ulcer

Clinical manifestations and diagnosis   Clinical manifestations Peptic ulcers are commonly asymptomatic. Symptomatic peptic ulcers most commonly present with epigastric pain or food-provoked epigastric discomfort and fullness, early satiety, and nausea.    Complications Complications may be heralded by new ulcer symptoms or a change in symptoms, or may occur in the absence of typical symptoms. […]
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