Anatomy66 Videos

How to Treat Kidney Stones

Eighty percent of patients with kidney stone disease (nephrolithiasis) form calcium stones. The other main types include uric acid, struvite and cystine stones. Individual stones may contain more than one type. ●Clinical manifestations Although stones may pass asymptomatically, symptoms may occur when stones pass. The most common symptoms and signs are pain (renal colic or […]

Gallbladder – Definition, Function Location – Human Anatomy

nonsurgical management of gallbladder stones ●The majority of patients with asymptomatic (incidental) gallstones do not require treatment. Patients with symptomatic gallstone disease or those at high risk for developing symptomatic gallstone disease, but are unable or unwilling to undergo cholecystectomy, may be candidates for nonsurgical management. ●Gallstones are composed of a mixture of cholesterol, calcium […]

Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye)

Conjunctivitis   INTRODUCTION Conjunctivitis is a common diagnosis in patients who complain of a red eye. It is usually a benign or self-limited condition, or one that is easily treated. Other causes of red eye are discussed elsewhere. This topic will review the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of conjunctivitis. Other conditions which may be […]

Autoimmune Hepatitis and Primary Biliary Cholangitis

Epidemiology Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is rare, with a reported prevalence of 19 to 402 cases per million persons. The vast majority of patients (90 to 95 percent) are female, and most patients are diagnosed between the ages of 30 and 65 years (often in their 40s or 50s), though the disease has been reported […]

Acute Pancreatitis

Management of acute pancreatitis Acute pancreatitis is an acute inflammatory process of the pancreas. Acute pancreatitis can be divided into two broad categories: edematous, interstitial acute pancreatitis and necrotizing acute pancreatitis. Mild acute pancreatitis is characterized by the absence of organ failure and local or systemic complications. Moderately severe acute pancreatitis is characterized by no […]

TOP 5 TIPS TO CONTROL PSORIASIS FLARES DERMATOLOGIST

Treatment of psoriasis in adults Overview  Numerous topical and systemic therapies are available for the treatment of psoriasis. Treatment modalities are chosen on the basis of disease severity, relevant comorbidities, patient preference (including cost and convenience), efficacy, and evaluation of individual patient response. Psychosocial aspects Psoriasis can have negative psychosocial effects. Clinicians should address the […]

Understanding Psoriasis

Epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis Overview Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease that has also been identified as a multisystem inflammatory disorder associated with multiple comorbidities. Epidemiology Psoriasis affects males and females equally. Psoriasis can begin at any age; however, onset during adulthood is most frequent.  Pathophysiology Psoriasis is a complex immune-mediated disease. […]

Normal Abdominal _ Pelvic CT Anatomy_ Algorithm – Radiology

Structure and Function The abdomen consists of the organs necessary for digestion. These include the stomach, pancreas, liver, gallbladder and small and large intestines. The abdomen also contains the kidneys and spleen. Connecting tissues called the mesentery, hold these organs together. The mesentery also allows these organs to move relative to one another and expand. […]

Psoriasis

Pathophysiology of plaque psoriasis ●Psoriasis is a complex immune-mediated disorder that presents as inflammatory plaques in the skin. Dysregulation or alteration of components of the innate and adaptive immune systems, keratinocyte function, and vascular structure contribute to the manifestations of this disease. ●Plasmacytoid and myeloid dendritic cells are key contributors to development of inflammation in […]

Is There A Cure for Herpes?

Treatment of genital herpes simplex virus infection ●Causative agent – Genital herpes simplex is a common sexually transmitted virus infection that is found worldwide. Most of these genital infections are caused by herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2), but herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) also produces a clinically similar disease, and the incidence of HSV-1 genital disease is […]